Discover the hidden risks of heating methods when the cold sets in.

Winter’s chilly days, bitterly cold nights and icy winds are seasonal realities we learn to adapt to, but trying to stay warm by using heating methods can bring its own set of hazards.

Netcare 911 operations director Shalen Ramduth says a warming heater or roaring log fire makes for a cosy home. However, there are certain safety precautions you should take to keep your family safe from accidents and the dangers of heating methods.

the carbon monoxide threat

Carbon monoxide poisoning is a real, though little-known, threat when heating our homes, warns Ramduth. “When fuel like wood and charcoal or petrol and gas is burnt in poorly ventilated areas, carbon monoxide gas is released into the air. It has no smell, so people often don’t realise they are breathing in this toxic gas. When carbon monoxide is inhaled in large enough quantities, it can cause serious damage to the body, especially the brain and heart. It can also have tragic, fatal consequences.”

A person who inhales carbon monoxide could become short of breath and may complain of dizziness and nausea. “They would also be lethargic and often confused. In extreme cases, the person may lose consciousness and, being unable to escape, may even suffer brain damage,” Ramduth explains.

Act fast if carbon monoxide poisoning is suspected. “Quickly move the person into a well-ventilated area away from the source of the carbon monoxide. Urgent medical attention is required, so always call an ambulance or rush the person to a medical facility immediately,” he advises.

How to prevent carbon monoxide exposure

“Ensure adequate ventilation if you are heating your home using any source of carbon monoxide. Also consider installing carbon monoxide detectors in your home,” says Ramduth.

Switch off heaters and extinguish fires inside the home overnight.

“Get qualified professionals to install your gas appliances and have them checked regularly. Clean fireplaces and chimneys to ensure they are not blocked or coated with creosote, as this can trap carbon monoxide and release it back into the home.”

Burn prevention and treatment

Ramduth says burns caused by contact with heating appliances and hearth fires can result in serious, life-changing injuries. “A large proportion of those who are treated for burns are children or older people. However, many of these injuries can be prevented.

Constantly supervise children around any source of heat, including heaters, electric blankets or fires. And, never leave these going overnight as the risk of a child getting up alone and touching a fire or heater or a fire spreading when the family is sleeping, is real.”

Treating a burn before help arrives

Ramduth advises on how to treat a burn before help arrives.

• Remain calm: keeping a level head is crucial in any emergency.
• Ensure safety: prioritise safety, especially in electrical or chemical burn cases.
• Extinguish flames: teach the ‘Stop, Drop and Roll’ technique, especially to children.
• If a person’s clothing is on fire, get them to lie on the ground and protect their face with their hands.
• Remove any clothes not stuck to the burnt areas, especially if they are smouldering, but leave those stuck to the wound for medical professionals to remove.
• Cool the burn: run cold water over the affected area for at least 20 minutes.
• Cover the burn with a clean, wet cloth, first aid burn gel or dressing.
• Do not use ice on a burn wound – this can lead to tissue damage.
• If the burns are severe, causing significant pain, involve the eyes, or are larger than the person’s hand, immediately call an ambulance.
• Address smoke inhalation. Prompt evaluation is crucial to prevent complications.

Read our article on preventing other home hazards.

accidents happen

The possibility of slipping increases when intense winter weather brings rain and ice. Slips or falls can result in sprains, fractures and other more serious injuries. “Be aware of the risk, especially to older people and toddlers who may not be steady on their feet,” says Ramduth.

He also advises wearing layers of clothes to trap body heat and prevent hypothermia and frostbite for those who must venture out in the coldest weather.

“At Netcare 911, we know that despite the best efforts to prevent injuries, accidents can still happen, and we are there to assist with any medical emergency,” adds Ramduth.

He suggests keeping a well-stocked first-aid kit at home, the workplace and in your car. “Make sure you include bandages for sprains and strains and to immobilise compromised limbs, along with a couple of burn dressings to treat burn wounds and a thermal blanket.”

Find out more about treating home emergencies.

Who to call in an emergency

If an emergency requiring more assistance arises, have a fast, efficient way to find it promptly. Ensure you have the necessary emergency contacts easily accessible: fire department, ambulance services, burn units. Alternatively, you can call 10177 or 112 for fire-related emergencies. For carbon monoxide-related incidents, call 084 124 or the national Poison Information Helpline 0861 555.